Found a unique temple of one of the greatest of the Egyptian pharaohs

2017-10-20 08:59

Found a unique temple of one of the greatest of the Egyptian pharaohs
The Royal necropolis in Abusir was located near the ancient capital of Egypt – Memphis, which was located South of modern Cairo.

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In Abusir (necropolis era of the old Kingdom) were found the ruins of the temple of Ramesses II. He lived in the era of the New Kingdom and was one of the greatest rulers of ancient Egypt. The finding reported by the archaeologists of the Czech-Egyptian mission, according to N+1.

The Royal necropolis in Abusir was located near the ancient capital of Egypt – Memphis, which was located South of modern Cairo. This city, founded in the beginning of III Millennium BC during the reign of the several dynasties of the old Kingdom (about 2700 – about 2200 years before our era) was the capital, informs Rus.Media.

It fell into disrepair after the construction of the southern Egypt, of Thebes – the capital of the pharaohs of the New Kingdom, which was built around 1550 BC. But Pharaoh Ramses II (1303-1213 years before our era) after the war with the Hittites moved his residence to the North, in the Nile Delta. He founded a new capital, Per-Ramesses, near Memphis. Then Memphis began to erect new temples and monuments, many of which were traditionally focused on the Pharaoh.

The Royal necropolis in Abusir was founded around the same time with Memphis. There remained 14 of the stepped pyramids of the pharaohs of the V dynasty. They are smaller in size than the pyramids at Giza, built by order of the pharaohs of the fourth dynasty. Apparently, the V dynasty rulers could not surpass the pyramids of Giza, and decided to transfer to the necropolis to another place.

After the transfer of the capital to Thebes the Royal necropolis also “moved”. However, later, in the middle of I Millennium BC, the pharaohs were buried Abusir XXVI-XXVII dynasty.

Archaeologists from the Czech Institute of Egyptology in cooperation with Egyptian researchers conducting excavations in Abusir since 1976. Their latest finding was the temple complex dedicated to Ramses II. According to the Deputy Director of the Czech-Egyptian mission, Mohamed Megahed (Mohamed Megahed), the size of the temple – 52?32 meters.

Behind him was a large outdoor courtyard surrounded by walls that were built of mud bricks. At the far end of the yard there was built a stone sanctuary to which led a staircase or a lift. The left and right of the temple complex were built two long buildings, probably store.

According to the Director of the mission, Professor Miroslav Barta (Barta Miroslave) the remains of the sanctuary were covered with slabs of Sandstone and rubble, where the fragments of coloured reliefs. They helped the archaeologists not only to reconstruct the scheme of the sanctuary, but to date the entire temple complex. In addition, the researchers found relief with engraved cartouche of Ramses II and the other associated with the cults of the sun gods RA and Amon and a goddess of Nekhbet, the patron Saint of Egypt.

Ramses II was one of the most significant Egyptian rulers. He has led several successful military campaigns and returned to Egyptian control over much of Syria and Phoenicia. Ramses launched a large-scale construction sites all over Egypt.

In addition to the new capital Per-Ramses the Nile Delta in the South, to Abu Simbel temples were built in honor of Pharaoh and of his wife, Queen Nefertari, at Thebes – a memorial temple complex of Karnak. In honor of Ramses was established many monuments, including the colossal statues at Memphis, and in Nubia.